About David Adjaye, African-Born World Architect

About David Adjaye, African-Born World Architect With an outside siding of tanned aluminum boards and a passage lobby with more wood than the hold of a slave transport, the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, DC may become David Adjayes most unmistakable work. The Tanzania-brought into the world British designer makes transformative structures, from this national historical center for the US to an old rail station that is currently the Nobel Peace Center in Oslo, Norway. Foundation: Born:â September 22, 1966, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Africa Instruction and Professional Training: 1988-1990: Chassay Last, London, United Kingdome1990: Bachelor of Architecture with distinction, London South Bank University1990-1991: David Chipperfield (UK) and Eduardo Souto de Moura (Portugal)1993: Masters in Architecture, Royal College of Art1994-2000: Partnership with William Russell as Adjaye Russell1999-2010: Visited each nation in Africa to report African architecture2000 - present: Adjaye Associates, Principal (Facebook) Critical Works: 2002: Dirty House, London, UK2005: Idea Store, Whitechapel, London, UK2005: Nobel Peace Center, Oslo, Norway2007: Rivington Place, London, UK2007: Bernie Grant Arts Center, London, UK2007: Museum of Contemporary Art, Denver, CO2008: Stephen Lawrence Center, London, UK2010: Skolkovo Moscow School of Management, Moscow, Russia2012: Francis Gregory Library, Washington, D.C.2014: Sugar Hill (moderate lodging), 898 St. Nicholas Avenue, Harlem, NYC2015: Aã ¯shti Foundation, Beirut, Lebanon2016: Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC), Washington, D.C. Furniture and Product Designs: David Adjaye has an assortment of side seats, foot stools, and material examples offered by Knoll Home Designs.â He additionally has a line of round seats on hardened steel cylindrical edges called Double Zero for Moroso. About David Adjaye: Since Davids father was an administration representative, the Adjaye family moved from Africa to the Middle East lastly settled in England when David was a youthful young person. As an alumni understudy in London, the youthful Adjaye went from conventional Western compositional shelters, similar to Italy and Greece, to investing energy in Japan finding out about present day Eastern engineering. His reality experience, including coming back to Africa as a grown-up, illuminates his structures not known for a specific style, however for an astute portrayal installed into singular activities. Another experience that has influenced crafted by David Adjaye is the crippling disease of his sibling, Emmanuel. At a youthful age, the future engineer was presented to the broken plans of open foundations utilized by his family as they thought about a recently deadened kid. He has said ordinarily that practical structure is much more significant than excellence. In December 2015, Adjaye Associates was approached to present a proposition for the Obama Presidential Center, to be worked in Chicago. Related People of Influence: Eduardo Souto de MouraChris OfiliRichard Rogers Huge Awards: 1993: Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) Bronze Medal2007: Order of the British Empire (OBE) for administrations to architecture2014: W.E.B. Du Bois Medal Citations - In the Words of David Adjaye: Things regularly come at the time they’re intended to come, regardless of whether they appear to be late.- 2013, The New Yorker Supportability isn't simply material use or vitality use...it is lifestyle.†-Approach Related Books: David Adjaye: Form, Heft, Material, Art Institute of Chicago, 2015David Adjaye: Authoring: Re-setting Art and Architecture, Lars Muller, 2012David Adjaye: A House for an Art Collector, Rizzoli, 2011African Metropolitan Architecture, Rizzoli, 2011Adjaye, Africa, Architecture, Thames Hudson, 2011David Adjaye Houses: Recycling, Reconfiguring, Rebuilding, Thames and Hudson, 2006David Adjaye: Making Public Buildings, Thames and Hudson, 2006 Sources: David Adjaye site; A Sense of Place by Calvin Tomkins, The New Yorker, September 23, 2013; David Adjaye, Dezeen Book of Interviews, Dezeen, September 29, 2014; Approach at adjaye.com; David Adjaye, Architect by Amy McKenna, Encyclopedia Britannica Online [accessed January 9, 2016]

Anthrax in America essays

Bacillus anthracis in America expositions The best nation on the planet has been in a high condition of caution for as far back as month and a half. Individuals glancing above in dread, and individuals glancing around in doubt. At that point one day, a word went over the TV that many didn't know about, and many didn't fear. A commendable rival of the American lifestyle had showed up. One that would impact the mail framework, cause more dread and frenzy, and risk the lives of blameless individuals. This shrewd adversary is called Anthrax. In the previous three weeks or something like that, everybody has been taking an additional look at their mail before opening. The tales of guiltless Americans opening their mail just to get a fine cloud and to be contaminated with Anthrax has everybody attempting their best to deal with themselves and their workers. CBS news, ABC news, and CNN are only a couple of organizations that have suspended approaching mail until they can additionally assess their mail frameworks (Noonan 38). In all the frenzy and dread, there is just a single decision U.S. mail has, and that is to continue onward. The whole countries mail can't simply stop. The Bacillus anthracis issue would be settled, yet bills would not be paid, requests would not be given, and significant, perhaps lifesaving, data would not be gotten. Be that as it may, various branches have eased back down to guarantee security (Noonan 38). On TV, you see all the large names mentioning to us what they are doing to battle this alarm, yet the individuals who are truly managing it, are those in the sorting room. A letter comes in saying, significant. A youthful woman , just three weeks at work, opens it just to get a disease to which has placed her life in harm's way. (Noonan 38) Be that as it may, is this an assault by a similar fear monger to which assaulted in mid-September? As increasingly more Bacillus anthracis cases come up, an ever increasing number of individuals point to Usama Bin Laden. In the event that one truly thinks regarding the matter, how troublesome would it be to send letters with a bogus return address with a powder in the ... <!

Want to Pay Off Your Debt Try Building a Better Budget!

Want to Pay Off Your Debt Try Building a Better Budget! Want to Pay Off Your Debt? Try Building a Better Budget! Want to Pay Off Your Debt? Try Building a Better Budget!If you try and pay down your debt without a strict budget, youll have a really hard time coming up with the extra moneyâ€"even if youre working a second job.For many people, the best way they can make their money go further is by paying down the pile of high-interest consumer debt that’s weighing down their everyday life. What better way to improve your financial outlook than by freeing up all that money that’s going towards monthly minimums?!Well, if you’re looking to pay down excess debt, then one of the best things you can do is build better budgetâ€"or build a budget in the first place. Even if you’re working one or two extra jobs to bring in extra funds, you’re going to need a budget to make sure all that newfound cash doesn’t splurge itself out of existence.For all those aspiring budgeteers out there looking to pound their debt into oblivion, here are some helpful steps you can take. Dream big.We’re all motiv ated by the ‘What Ifs?’ Of life. Asking yourself what you would do if you didn’t have debt might be the impetus you need to jump in feet first,” said personal finance blogger and  Queen of Free  Cherie Lowe (@Thequeenoffree).“Rather than paying off debt for the purposes of paying off debt in itself, build a focused dream of what you’ll do once you’re on the other side of debt. Will you travel? Buy a new home? Go back to school?”“Knowing why you’re doing what you’re doing will keep you refreshed and strong on days that are long,” she said.Use  a no-spend month to jumpstart your saving.  Saving money to pay down debt is sometimes a game of momentum. It’s difficult to at first, but once you get going, everything starts to click. That’s why Carla Dearing, CEO of online financial wellness service  Sum180 (@mysum180), recommended starting things off with a “no-spend” month to really get you in the groove.“It’s simple,” said Dearing. “Commit to a 30- day period of spending ONLY on necessities. Walk or bike to everywhere instead of driving; take lunch to work every day; embrace free entertainment options, like exploring local parks.“Not only will you save a lot of money during this one month period, you may find yourself re-evaluating old spending habits altogether and deciding you prefer your own creative, low-cost alternatives.”Figure out your expenses.The first step to building a budget is getting a handle on your expenses and on how much you’re spending every month. Once you know that, you’ll have a very clear idea for where you can cut back.“Many of us have no idea what our expenses add up to every month,” said Dearing. “When you know where your money goes, you are in control and can be thoughtful about aligning spending with priorities.”She suggested that you create your first-time budget use an online money tracking service, like Mint or Quicken, as they’ll help you more easily get all of your financial i nformation in one place. You can find more budgeting apps in our App Directory, and any first-time budgeters out there should also check out our  Beginner’s Guide to Budgeting.Review your subscriptions and auto-payments.Cutting down expenses is going to mean cutting out lots of extraneous things like ordering takeout three nights a week. But a good place for you to start cutting is with your hidden expenses, the kind of stuff that leaves your bank account every month without you even thinking about it.“Look at your recurring or automatically enrolled payments and see if you can cut any streaming services, gym memberships, or delivery plans.” offered Bryce Lloyd, Phoenix Market President for FirstBank (@efirstbank).According to Dearing, there might even be subscriptions you’re paying for every month that you’ve completely forgotten about!“For example,” she said, “if you haven’t done a serious credit card review in a while, you may be surprised to see how many charge s are automatically showing up on your credit card every month and every year. They’re not necessarily fraudulent; they may be charges you legitimately signed up for long ago, and then never thought about again.“You may not notice right away,” she added, “but automatic charges like these all add up, especially over time. The expenses may be fine if you truly need and can afford them, but often it’s a case of out of sight, out of mind.”Canceling all these subscriptions one-by-one could be a bit time intensive, but it’ll definitely be worth the time and effort. As Dearing points out, there are also services like Trim and Truebill that will help you monitor your subscriptions and cancel them when you want out.Gameify the experience.Budgeting and paying down debt aren’t fun. But that doesn’t mean you can’t add some little celebrations to make the process more enjoyable! And rather than only celebrating big accomplishments, Lowe recommends that you add in a larger num ber of smaller celebrations all along the way.“You have to have a system of rewards in place in order to help you be successful,” she said.” That means rather than focusing on a goal of paying off debt in its entirety, break down the enormous process into smaller goals. And when you hit those micro-goals, celebrate.“The initial goals should be minorâ€"go a day or two without eating at a restaurant. The more success you have, the more the process becomes pleasant and even fun.”Cut out two or three regular expenses.Speaking of takeout, Dearing recommends that you try identifying two or three monthly expenses that you can do without … and then doing without them!For one person, the eliminated expense may be premium cable and a too-generous data plan,” she said. For another, it may be online shopping and extra spending on eating out.“Be creative so you don’t feel deprived,” she added. “If you love to eat out, challenge yourself to make delicious meals at home six n ights a week. Your one restaurant meal per week will feel more special and you’ll save a ton of money.Budget every dollar.Lowe recommends going above and beyond in your budgeting and creating a “zero-based” budget. Simply put, this means you budget every last penny that you bring in. That way, you’ll avoid frittering away extra cash.“Aim to budget every single dollarâ€" whether you’re paying off debts, handling expenses, or saving money for a specific purchaseâ€"in your checking account each month,” she said.“If you leave any extra cash no matter how small, you’ll spend it. If you move it out as quickly as possible, you’ll have greater success.”Prioritize your high-interest credit cards.Once youre rolling with your new budget and you’re building up extra funds to pay off debt, you can turn your attention to strategy; Namely, what’s the best way to pay off your debt?While there are always going to be caveats, you can’t really go wrong by starting with your credit cardsâ€"especially the ones that carry the highest interest rates.“Whenever possible, pay more than your monthly minimum balance, focusing first on the cards with the highest interest rates,” said Lloyd. “There are interest rate calculators available on multiple sites that help you calculate payments to keep you on track to becoming debt free.”“Once your payments are back on track,” he continued, “resist adding to that balance going forward. Some cards also offer balance transfers at lower interest rates, but be wary of fees.”Paying off debt through balance transfers can have its dangers beside feesâ€"namely, all that extra space you created on your old card can be overly tempting. Plus,  closing the old card might have a negative impact on your credit score. Until you build up a solid practice of financial discipline, you should probably steer clear of them.Dearing recommends that you use as much as 50 percent of your monthly savings to pay down your credit cards. Plus, she has a tip to help you save more in interest:“Contact your credit card company and ask if they will lower your annual percentage rate (APR) on the card. Many credit card issuers would rather lower your rate than have you transfer to another company. It’s worth asking.”Make the most of financial windfalls.Lastly, you should utilize any financial windfalls you have coming your way: stuff like your tax refund or a month where you get three biweekly paychecks. Whatever it is, use that money wiselyâ€"even if it’s to take care of your other financial priorities!“Add them to your cash reserves to top off your emergency fund,” suggested Dearing. “Unexpected expenses happen all the time, but if you have the right cushion of savings, these unexpected expenses don’t have to derail you.”Paying off debt should be a top financial priority, but you shouldn’t let it blind you to the importance of maintaining a well-stocked emergency fund. Lacking  funds in a fina ncial emergency is how you end up getting stuck with short-term bad credit loans, cash advances, and predatory no credit check loans like payday loans and title loans. If you’re trying to get out of debt, they’re the last thing you need.To learn more about financial best practices, check out  these related posts and articles from OppLoans:From Budget to Baller: 6 Tips to Grow Your Money8 Good Habits to Get Your Financesâ€"and Your Lifeâ€"on TrackThe Broke Person’s Guide to Credit Cards8 Ways To Save Money Today, Tomorrow and Every Day AfterWhat are your best tricks for trimming your budget?  Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsCarla Dearing  is CEO of  Sum180 (@mysum180), an online financial wellness service designed to be simple and affordable. She is also CEO and Managing Director of IMC, a marketing services agency. Previously, Carla held senior executive positions with at the University of Louisville, Community Foundations of America and In vestors Capital Services. Earlier, she worked at Morgan Stanley and American National Bank Trust Company. She holds an MBA from The University of Chicago Booth School of Business and a BA from the University of Michigan, Phi Beta Kappa.Bryce Lloyd is the Phoenix Market President for  FirstBank (@efirstbank). FirstBank has over $18 billion in assets and over 100 locations in Colorado, Arizona, and California. Since 2000, FirstBank has contributed over $55 million and countless hours to charitable organizations. Mr. Lloyd has been with FirstBank for the entire 29 years of his banking career. He has served on numerous non-profit boards, including the Boys and Girls Clubs of Greater Scottsdale and the Scottsdale Area Chamber of Commerce.Cherie Lowe (@Thequeenoffree)  is a personal finance blogger at  Queen of Free  and author of the book  Slaying the Debt Dragon, her story of paying off over $127K in debt. She loves nothing more than helping people find freedom in their finances, save money, and live life to its fullest. Her and her husband Brian are finishing the final round of edits on our their book: Your Money, Your Marriage: The Secrets to Smart Finance, Spicy Romance, and their Intimate Connection due out September 2018 from Zondervan (Harper Collins Christian).

Electrochemical Cell Definition

An electrochemical cell is a device that generates a potential difference between electrodes using chemical reactions. Galvanic cells and electrolytic cells are examples of electrochemical cells. Galvanic cells, which are also known as voltaic cells, use chemical reactions to generate electricity. These cells are named for either Luigi Galvani or Alessandro Volta. They use a spontaneous redox reaction. A typical galvanic cell consists of two different metals that are connected by a salt bridge or a porous membrane. In contrast, electrolytic cells use electrical energy to cause chemical reactions to occur. The electrical energy overcomes the activation energy required to get a non-spontaneous reaction to proceed. Electrolytic cells are commonly used for electrolysis, which breaks chemical compounds into their elements. A battery refers to one or more electrochemical cells.

A Comparison and Contrast Between the Two Poems, Poetry...

â€Å"I, too, dislike it: There are things that are important beyond all this fiddle.† Poetry has been around for a long time. As the years go by poetry adapts to the time period. However, the authors have different views. Majority of them will read and enjoy all types of poem, but they have their own opinions. The new, has to be truly unique to the author and to the time period. Shakespeare still had plays that we study, but it is hard to comprehend the message behind the words. Worlds change and the literatures change with the trends. The important question is how it should change. During each time period there are people that publish their opinions, but different people have different ideas. Within Poetry and Of Modern Poetry shows the†¦show more content†¦Today the only time we read Homer is when we are forced to in school. Once we have read it and it is explained, then we understand. We can’t understand things that don’t pertain to the time period. The poetry has to be something straight forward and understandable. â€Å"The poem was suffused with a calm curiosity that seemed to know it wouldnt get anywhere faster by being overeager. (Osborn) Being straightforward is the way people understand things. It has to be forward and simple. The simplicity can touch people as much as the complex .Poetry is of the mind and has to continue to change with the time. Change keeps it modern. Modern talks about how poems have to genuine or about something useful. Poetry has to be about what is real and no the imaginary ideas that feel the books. A simple thing can be lead to idea or to a meaning beyond the object, but it needs the simple object. Poets have to start to rely on objects such as items, but also events. Things that happen in a life can be just as valuable as a material object. â€Å" Moores poetry does not invite biographical interpretation, Leavell mines the early poems for references to events in the poets life and evidence o f profound feelings that Moore herself revealed to no one.† (Rye) Events are a good to draw on. It shows what lead up to the opinions of the author. However, the one thing she never tried was to incorporate herShow MoreRelatedAmoretti Xxx : My Love Is Like To Ice, And I To Fire By Edmund Spenser1598 Words   |  7 Pageswriters have deconstructed, examined, and put love poetry back together; writers have provided varying opinions and interpretations regarding the motif of love. In the Elizabethan Era, poets idealized love and ignored all potential hardships. In the Victorian Era, the concept of problematic relationships had gained popularity, but poets maintained the idea of making the best of one’s circumstances and remaining complacent. 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Comparison of Agile Traditional Web Technologies Free Essays

string(123) " emphasize motivated developers because motivation could be engine of team and persuades members to learn during the work\." 1 Introduction Nowadays, both pace and quality have undeniable role on phenomenon, and web development is not exception. That is why the concepts such as software engineering and afterward patterns were applied in recent decades. Although they have improved the quality of web development, non of them are perfect to guarantee matters like customer satisfaction, customer commitment and collaboration and flexibility [1]. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Agile Traditional Web Technologies or any similar topic only for you Order Now Because of these matters software developers searched for a more productive approach. In early of twenty one century a group of software developers gathered to discuss on software engineering approaches, after that a manifesto was signed by them which is known as Agile now [2]. James Shore and Shane Warden have indicated to this manifesto:† Individuals and interactions over processes and tools, Working software over comprehensive documentation, Customer collaboration over contract negotiation, Responding to change over following a plan† [3]. As can be subsumed from this manifesto Agile is an emerging approach in software engineering which instead of process, documentation, contract and plan pays more attention to persons, software, customer and flexibility. These characteristics are more evident in principles which have been written by means of the establishers of Agile. James Shore and Shane Warden quote some of these principles:† Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software, welcome changing requirements even late in development†¦, deliver working software frequently†¦, business people and developers must work together†¦, build projects around motivated individuals†¦, working software is the primary measure of progress†¦, the most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face-to-face conversation,†¦Ã¢â‚¬ [4]. From all the specification which was mentioned above it can be perceived that despite of other software engineering approaches and patterns that have specific steps to follow, Agile could be something like especial philosophy and ideology that developer always bear it in his/her mind. This ideology makes developer able to consider a large number of possibilities and opt the best one [6]. Despite of agile establishers’ claim, some software developer believe that traditional and agile methods work in same way or at least agile is not able to increase productivity as much as its advocates claim. For evaluation of these asserts there is not enough witness in particular when it comes to empirical studies and comparisons. [36] Because of this shortage a practical comparison will be conducted via implementation of two website. Agile methodologies would be applied in one of them and another one will be implemented by traditional approaches. In section 2 business background about agile has been discussed, hypotheses and aim of study have been explained in section 3, goals and objective have been discussed in section 4, methodology and evaluation has been described in section 5. 2 Contextual Review In the rapidly changing environment, the best phenomenon and services are those which adapt themselves easily with changes with lower costs, and programming and software development are not exception. In the other words applications are evaluated as a good production when they would be able to accept changes with lower costs and in shorter time. In other words, they should be more flexible. When it comes to software development, flexibility would be one of the most important aspects which agile attempts to improve it. For instance, at the early of twenty one century a great deal of money was spent just for changing date byte in applications in US [19]. In addition a large number of company’s money is spent for maintenance that has direct relation with productivity and flexibility. All of these issue show importance of agile in market and industry because all of these criteria can be improved by agile. That is why companies and firms are being more interested to agile gradually . Result of a survey shows agile was being applied by means of 14 percent of companies, and more than three times of this amount were keen on using agile in Europe and US in 2005 [20]. Indeed, this amount has been increased now. Also, annually, a great deal of money is wasted for implementation of projects which are not used in reality because they do not satisfy customers’ requirements. Customers claim that they have ordered another production, while they have received completely different ones. If claims of agile which were mentioned in last sections be implemental, it will be able to prevent the majority of these situations or at least reduce the costs dramatically. As it was said in previous sections, projects which are implemented by means of agile methodology would be more flexible therefore when it comes to changing they can adapt themselves with changes more easier and with lower costs. Because of this matter cost of maintenance will be reduced as well. In addition, since, customers are considered as a team member and they collaborate with developers tightly this possibility that the final production would not be acceptable is reduced significantly. Because of frequent software delivery in agile methodology it is crystal clear that customer notices the developers if he/she expects a production with different specification in weekly communications. [21] Another specification of ASD which was mentioned is learning within implementation. This matter can diminish cost of holding training course that are hold by companies annually. In conclusion, it seems obvious that the majority of developers and companies would opt agile as their methodology and agile will possess the software development market in future [22]. Literature review A number of key specifications of Agile approach can be concluded from these principles. Despite of the other approaches Agile Does not have any problem with changes even it would be late. On the other words, application should be written that much flexible which altering does not waste time and resources a lot. This amount of flexibility needs expert and experienced developers, therefore another characteristic could be skillful developers. In addition these developers should work with constant pace that is why the principles emphasize motivated developers because motivation could be engine of team and persuades members to learn during the work. You read "Comparison of Agile Traditional Web Technologies" in category "Essay examples" The high and constant pace makes Agile teams able to hand in executable software more frequently to customers. Therefore they can change customer requirements and interact with developers and finally would be more satisfy. As can be deduced form Agile definition, main emphasis is on individuals rather than plan, documents and other phenomenon. Therefore Agile approach mainly is applied in team based projects in particular self-organizing teams-teams in which members take managing responsibilities instead of external manager who controls the team [5]-. Also here executable software is a scale of progress evaluation. It can be concluded from manifesto and principles of Agile that if these principles are implemented project will be more successful obviously, while there is a controversial point that is it possible to apply these rules and principles in practiceThe majority of resources which were reviewed emphasize that projects which use Agile could be more successful, while some of them like James Shore and Shane Warden believe that:† I do not recommend adopting agile development solely to increase productivity. Its benefits come from working differently, not from working faster. Your team will need time to learn agile development. While they learn, they will go slower, not faster.† [7] For a scientific judgment we should discuss on success in software development and have a precise definition first. Traditional definition of success emphasizes on cost, time and customer requirements as specification [8]. On the other words it believes that a project will be successful if it is finished before due time, costs do not proceed on budget and all the customer requirements are satisfied, while the modern ones are seemed totally different. They express a project which is evaluated as a failure one can be a successful project because it would be possible a large number of customers and addressers will be attracted to the project or it would create a unique characteristic and vice versa. On the other words, a project which satisfies all the traditional success criteria could be failure one from viewpoint of modern definitions. [9][10] It can be said that current definitions apart from the old criteria consider flexibility, business process and personal success as new success criteria, therefore a project would be more successful from viewpoint of recent definitions that: Decreases delivery time Its costs would be less than estimates and enhances return on investment(ROI) Has more capability to satisfy customer requirements Has more flexibility to adapt itself with changes and customer new requirements Causes more personal success-technical and non technical- for contributors-developer, customer and manager- Develops business aspects[11][12] From reviewed resources can be concluded that different parameters can affect success in software development. A group of them can be observed here which have been mentioned by Indian Institute of Technology:†customer satisfaction, customer collaboration, customer commitment, decision time, team size, planning and control, people factors, competency, communication and negotiation, training and learning and so on †[13] Obviously, some of these factors can be found in agile manifesto and principles easily, but how agile would be able to implement them properlyThere is another controversial issue, agile claims that could be able to manipulate all of these parameters properly! Here, the main hypothesizes and questions which shape the goal of this proposal are created which will be described more detailed in following chapters. When it comes to comparison between traditional software development methods and agile, different opinions can be found. The majority of them express that agile works in different way,few number of them say there is not any especial difference between them and some ones tell they are in some aspects same and in another aspects different, but in total, It can be concluded from literature that there are radical differences between them that some of them would be mentioned in following. When it comes to design stage, traditional approaches are plan base. In the other words in these approaches, developer tries to predict everything in advance and spend a great deal of time for it. Plan and design are usually recorded formally, that is why these approaches do not welcome to changes, while ADS is not limited to a pre defined plan. Developer thinks about possible events during the implementation and tries to opt best solution. Therefore, it can be said knowing and action happen concurrently. In ASD is emphasized on discovering new experience meanwhile the implementation. Projects which are implemented by means of ADS are progressed in terms of iterative actions, while ordinary methods just follow a sequence of stages. Traditional ways act in vicinity of optimization, while agile works based on flexibility and adaption. Developer tries to formulate everything in traditional ways, but the problems are solved via iteration and experiment in agile. In general it can be said, traditional methodologies keen on controlling and directing projects in one path. They do not welcome to conflicts and changes and managers have key role on controlling the developers. In these ways design surpasses other aspects and affects them, while agile emphasizes more on exploring instead of prediction. Interaction, communication and collaboration between all members even customers is one of the most important characteristics of this methodology. In ASD, iteration and changing are inseparable. In addition in agile, projects are managed by means of all members and manager just is a facilitator. [14] From all the specification which was mentioned above it can be perceived that despite of other software engineering approaches and patterns that have specific steps to follow, Agile could be something like especial philosophy and ideology that developer always bear it in his/her mind. This ideology makes developer able to consider a large number of possibilities and opt the best one [6]. Such as this ability just could be gained via experience, study and practice in long term, but there are some methods that agile and its advocates claim by means of them developer would be able to earn this philosophy. These methods are recognized as agile methodology and are introduced briefly in following. Crystal clear methodology: A group of methodologies which are suitable for small groups that work on not life-critical projects. These methodology instead of process, emphasize on people an communication between them. [24, 25] Dynamic software development method (DSDM): An iterative methodology that projects are completed gradually within the iterations. In this methodology projects are divided to three stages: pre-project, project life-cycle and post project that each stage has own principles. This methodology follows the same principles which form the concept of agile, in particular this methodology tries to involve customer as a team member in project. [26, 27] Feature-driven development: This methodology attempts to apply both plan-base (traditional ways) and agile approaches. In this methodology projects are divided to features that every feature has a plan that this plan and its implementation are completed during iteration. [28, 29] Lean software development: This methodology was used in Toyota production system for the first time. This method focuses on preventing the wastes. In terms of this approach each activity and process that does not add any worth to customers means waste. [30, 31] Scrum: Management aspects are emphasized more in this methodology. Regularly meetings are hold in which each member expresses his/her feedback and others adjust themselves with his/her feedback. During this meeting customer representative decides feedback is in harmony with requirement or not. After customer’s satisfaction development team continues working, otherwise they consider changes to persuade the customer. Usually there are not any external managers in these kinds of groups and supervising is done via members. [32, 33] Extreme programming: This methodology consists of a set of practices that makes developer able to choose best techniques and make the best decisions. [34, 35] 3 Hypotheses: As can be observed in previous chapters the majority of literature believe that agile works differently in both implementation and management. Also agile advocates claim that projects which are implemented by means of agile would be more successful. In addition it can be concluded from literature review section that agile in some aspects treats radically different. Here, the hypotheses which form motivation of this project are born. They have been expressed in terms of success criteria which presented in last chapters. The customers would be more satisfied when projects are implemented via agile, therefore project will be more successful. Customers are treated as members of development team, therefore commitment of the customers is higher and project more successful. Customer as a member of team would have more collaboration, in result project will be more successful. Size of development team would be smaller therefore face to face communication will be simpler and success opportunity more Team members make a decision in shorter times periodically, therefore success opportunity will be more Development team members are selected more expert and competent, therefore the project could be more successful Progress would be evaluated by means of the team members which know project better instead of managers, so project could be more successful Designing is evolutionary and based on iteration, so the project will be more flexible Implementation will be accompany with learning and this matter makes the developers more motivated Cultural and social issues will be considered in ASD [16] These are some hypotheses which form motivation to do this project and proposal and they would be considered within the implementation of project. On the other words, this project is done to check how much these hypotheses could be correct and if they are, which methodologies does agile apply to reach these goalsIn addition, this project tends to check the differences which have been recognized between agile and traditional methodologies in literature review are actual or notSome radical differences were recognized in that part which can make other hypotheses: Traditional methods work based on predefined plans while agile do not emphasize on plan Plans in ordinary methods are formal and resistance on changes while plans on agile are informal and welcome to changing Traditional ways follow s sequence of steps while agile is progressed iteratively. In traditional ways manager controls the progress of project while, in agile team members act as a manager Face to face and daily communication is one of the most important principles in agile while, it is not that much important in traditional ones Customers are considered as a team member in agile methodology while, in ordinary ones communication with customers is in vicinity of contract Agile emphasize on flexibility and traditional ones on optimizing [16][17][18] These hypotheses would be evaluated as well within development of project. 3.1 Aim of study As can be concluded from literature review, the quantity of valid empirical researches which have compared ASD with traditional methodologies and researches that consider agile claims, is rare. [23] It could be the most interesting motivation for designing a systematic and scientific way-has been described in methodology and evaluation section- for assessing the mentioned hypotheses. 3.2 Expectation Before conducting the project, there are some expectations which have been concluded from literature review and it is predicted that some of them would be resulted after accomplishing the project. These expectations could be same with hypotheses, but it is crystal clear that for scientific comparison all the conditions should be matched with the conditions in real world. Unfortunately, there are some conditions and situations which do not exist in this project-they will be mentioned in detailed in next chapter-and they will be simulated with simulated situations and maybe this issue affects the results, but with precise simulation it will be tried to reduce this influence as much as possible. 4 Goals and Objectives Doing a fair, empirical and scientific comparison between agile system development and traditional ways can be considered as goal of this project. Also scientific evaluation of this issue that agile is useful approach for software development or not can be another goal. As can be perceived these goals are general and intangible, therefore some objectives make them more clear and measurable. For first goal development of two websites that agile has been applied in one of them and comparison between them could be suitable. Therefore when it comes to comparison objectives can be: Select a suitable context which has this potential to be implemented as a website in agile and traditional approach Choose a proper languages for development of these websites Opt systematic and scientific methods to compare action of these websites These objectives will be described in detailed in methodology and evaluation chapter. Also, when it comes to second goal these matters can be considered as objectives: Determine specification of a good application Determine success of software development is assessed by means of which factors Decide what criteria affect web development success Determine these criteria are fulfilled more in agile or traditional approach via systematic and scientific way These objectives would be explained in methodology and evaluation chapter as well as previous ones. 5 Methodology and Evaluation For evaluating benefits which ASD claims have-mentioned in last chapters- and comparison between traditional software development methods and ASD, two website would be designed and their productivity, flexibility, readability and other specifications compared with each other. For a correct comparison context and title of these websites should be same, in other words they should be designed for same target. After discussing with supervisor it was determined that two websites should be implemented for a library which would be presented as online services. As It was mentioned the application and interface of these websites would be same while in one of them Agile methods will be applied and in another one traditional methods like plan base. In follow some details of these websites can be observed. First library website which is supposed to have Agile methods would be implemented by means of C# language in ASP.Net framework. While the other one will be implemented via PHP language. C# has been opted because of its Object Oriented specification and also as a dynamic language it can be useful to apply ASD methods. In addition PHP has been selected because it was essential that one programming language should be out of the teaching materials of university. These two websites belong to a library which wants to let customers use online services. There would be different kind of books, papers and references which would be available in terms of their type. For instance, some books which have more appeal can be borrowed for shorter period in compare with the others and some recourses cannot be borrowed. Customers will be classified to different types which have distinguish priority. For example, when a book-there is just one av ailable copy of this book- is demanded by two persons that one of them is postgraduate and another one undergraduate, it will borrowed by postgraduate student. There would be a waiting system that puts persons who has requested unavailable items in a queue in respect to their priority that mentioned above. Also, an Email delivery system will send an Email to remind the due time to customers automatically a day before it. After implementation of these websites they will be submitted to a number of expert web developers accompany with a questionnaire- that would be designed after consulting with supervisor- which asks them to determine which application is more productive, flexible and reliable. The developers will not be noticed that Agile methods has been used in which application. In addition it is possible a group of customers would be asked to use two websites and after that express which one is more user friendly and productive, but due to same interface and functionality it could be difficult to mention any differences. As it was mentioned one of the most important specifications which Agile advocates claim can be increased via applying it, is flexibility. But one of the most vital characteristics of ASD which helps improvement of flexibility is interaction with customers and stockholders. Unfortunately, there is not any actual customer in this comparison therefore project supervisor and another person-who is familiar with web development and is determined after consulting with supervisor – are assumed as customer and would be asked to change their requirements as a customer requirements every week regularly then consequent changes in coed are recorded as a do cument and attached to dissertation report. For a scientific comparison all the conditions should be close to reality therefore another minus can be detected and considered, is absence of a team as a development team ,because ASD is completely team based that these teams are usually self organization an cross functional teams. For compensation of this weakness the developer should study different contexts like finance and business and regularly consult with people who are expert in their fields to approach the comparison to reality. 6 Project plan Bibliography [1]ketabe art safeye 3 [2] http://agilemanifesto.org/history.html [3] In Art of Agile Development book [4] In Art of Agile Development book [5] http://www.futureworksconsulting.com/resources/TeamAgilityAgileTimesFeb04.pdf [6] In Art of Agile Development book safeye 3 va X||| [7] ketab safheye 3 [8] ketab safeye 4 [9] ketab safeye 4 [10] ketab safeye 4 pavaraghi [11]ketab bakhshe movafaghiyat [12]article success factores [13] article success factores [14] article, what we know about agile? [15]article success factores [16][17][18] [19]ye chiz peydaa kon vase Amrica [20] article, what we know about [21] http://agilemethodology.org/ [22] what we know safeheye aval [23] what we know safeheye aval va ye done dig eke save kardi rood esc top [24] article ke kheili khoobe va ziyaade va jadval dare [25]refrence 16 hamoon article [26] article ke kheili khoobe va ziyaade va jadval dare [27] refrence 60 hamoon article [28] article ke kheili khoobe va ziyaade va jadval dare [29] refrence 50 hamoon article [30] article ke kheili khoobe va ziyaade va jadval dare [31] refrence 52 hamoon article [32] article ke kheili khoobe va ziyaade va jadval dare [53] refrence 52 hamoon article [34] article ke kheili khoobe va ziyaade va jadval dare [35] refrence 9, 10 hamoon article [36] Empirical studies of agile software development: A systematic review/abstract How to cite Comparison of Agile Traditional Web Technologies, Essay examples

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Technology Essay Example For Students

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Technology Essay Society never advances. It recedes as fast on one side as it gains on the other. Although written long ago these words by, Ralph Waldo Emerson still hold true today. Everyday in society people are making improvements, however, but these improvements also have equal drawbacks. Today we are using cutting edge technology to improve every aspect of our daily lives. For instance in todays society the fields of Communication and Medicine are constantly advancing yet they both create significant losses. Technology has helped increase the speed of communication and decrease its cost. However, at the same time it has caused people to become more impersonal with each other. In earlier times the major form of communication was for people to visit each other and go to public meeting places. One of the next major advances was the telephone. Due to the telephone people no longer went to the public meeting places as often as they used to. As time goes on, new advances still allow people to contact and communicate with each other more easily. These advances such as faxes, beepers, and electronic mail, although seemingly making life easier, each help to decrease the earlier forms of communication. The field of medicine, like the field communication, also displays what Emerson was trying to say. This field too, which had many advances, has also caused many difficulties. As scientists and doctors try to come up with cures for the many diseases we have today, they are also making new ones. For example, when scientists went to Africa in search of a cure for a disease, they came back with monkeys that were contaminated with the Emboli virus. Today in Russia there are military bases where Russian scientists are creating thousands of germs and viruses to use in germ warfare. These germs and viruses are capable of killing thousands of people instantly. As technology continues to advance and society moves forward, people continue to use the less personal forms of communication, and create new problems in the field of medicine. The fear of becoming a society, which communicates only through machines, and creates new disease, is becoming greater with time. For all of society gains there are equal drawbacks. So as in Ralph Waldo Emerson words society never advances.

A Case Study of the iTrust Security Issue

Introduction Information management is one of the most important parts of any organization. To ensure continuity of an organization, proper record keeping should be encouraged.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on A Case Study of the iTrust Security Issue specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, proper documentation and record keeping of events, personnel information among other things in an organization ensures that the entity is assured of accountability (Raggad, 2010). Effective record keeping, maintenance, and management eases up the audit process for any organization. It is important to note that management of data and proper maintenance of records is a very crucial process to the success of the organization. With this in mind, organizations have developed proper record keeping methods and processes (Tipton Nozaki, 2008). As an aspect of organizational structure, information management has seen the eme rgence of new methods meant to enhance the effectiveness and convenience of managing records and data. In this case study, various issues touching on security with regard to iTrust organization are addressed. The iTrust Security Issue In the past, organizations relied on manual systems of information management. The systems were prone to human error and involved a very rigorous storage and retrieval process. Modernization has seen the introduction of technology into the information management arena. Technology has helped revolutionize the whole information management arena in a major way. It has improved the effectiveness and efficacy of information systems. It has also improved the speed of retrieving data, as well as the security of the same. It has reduced risks of damage to data (Raggad, 2010). Information systems are developed to suit the growing need for technological information management and improve the rather historical process of keeping records.Advertising Looking f or case study on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although they are not one hundred percent efficient or secure, they do come quite close to the optimal standards. They ensure effective and hassle free management of information (Tipton Nozaki, 2008). In medical institutions, the need to manage information cannot be underestimated. Medical facilities contain a lot of confidential information on individuals. They also contain information on treatment plans and prescriptions. Such information should be safeguarded to ensure it does not fall into the wrong hands. iTrust is a hypothetical information systems software that allows medical facilities to maintain records on drug inventory and other bits of information. It is a role-based healthcare web application through which patients can manage their medical records (Tipton Nozaki, 2008). Similarly, medical personnel are provided with a platform through which they can monitor the progress of their patients by managing their medical records. Medical personnel can also receive alerts on missing immunization or signs of chronic illnesses. In this case study, the susceptibility of the iTrust information management software is brought to question. The case study embarks on identifying the threats faced by the iTrust system, as well as the areas that may render the system vulnerable to security lapses. If the system is vulnerable in any way, its effectiveness is compromised. The cases study will look into the areas of vulnerability and identify ways through which these threats and vulnerabilities can be addressed (Raggad, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on A Case Study of the iTrust Security Issue specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Review of the Case Study In the process of identifying the threats faced by the system, one cannot ignore the new requirements of the iTrust software. The first, Add role emergency responder, allows for the fire, police, and emergency medical technicians to look at the records of a particular patient prior to taking any action. Addition of these new requirements will allow for easy access to the emergency report that contains crucial information. Such information includes patient’s blood type, prescription history, allergies, diagnosis of chronic illness, immunization history, as well as long and short term diagnoses. The second requirement is finding a qualified and licensed healthcare professional. Such a provision will make it possible for patients to find qualified and licensed healthcare professionals to help them in the treatment of specific health conditions. The patient simply selects the diagnosis and chooses a professional who has experience in handling such cases. The third requirement is the update of the code table. As far as this is concerned, ICD-10 code is used in place of ICD-9CM. The new code is then saved for use with the iTrust application. The fourth requirement is the ability to view the access logs. The patient is able to look at a list of all the medical professionals who have updated their medical records.Advertising Looking for case study on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Review of the New Requirements Although these new requirements are supposed to increase the efficiency of the system, they also create security loopholes that third parties can exploit (Raggad, 2010). The vulnerability of the system is increased with an increase in the number of visitors. Similarly, the threat and vulnerability levels are increased with a rise in the amount of information made available in the database. If the information is quite sensitive and potentially beneficial to some people, then they can try to obtain it, causing a security breach (Tipton Nozaki, 2008). Each new requirement could lead to the occurrence of such a situation. Therefore, there is need to reevaluate these new requirements in a way that guarantees the safety of the system Suggestions to Mitigate the Vulnerability of the System to Security Threats There are numerous ways through which security threats and vulnerability issues can be solved. However, not all of these methods are applicable to the iTrust case. The management can make a decision on the best method by determining the sensitivity of the data handled by the iTrust database. Medical information is quite sensitive. Therefore, the safety of the iTrust system is paramount. With this in mind, it is noted that there are specific measures that the management can take to mitigate potential threats to the system. First is the use of an elaborately generated password protection system. Such a system ensures that there is controlled access to the database and only authorized personnel can access information stored therein. Password security system is also essential in tracking down suspects in the case of a security breach. Encryption system to protect the uploaded files is also a useful tool in safeguarding the stored information (Raggad, 2010). Encryption makes it hard for hackers to target and obtain specific information from the system. In addition, encryption makes it hard for ordinary systems to read data from the sys tem. As such, the use of encrypted data is limited to specialized machinery. Another viable method of protecting information in a database like iTrust’s is mounting it on a website that is secured. Such a move will make it difficult, or even impossible, for data thieves to copy passwords from the site. In turn, the information is protected from theft, damage, or any other risk (Tipton Nozaki, 2008). Conclusion Such technological innovations as iTrust database are quite phenomenal in the management and protection of stored data. However, they are also prone to threats and vulnerable to circumstances. Organizations should take measures to enhance the security of their information. The organization should ensure there are no loopholes that hackers can exploit to destroy or steal the information stored in the database. System upgrades, though useful, can also create loopholes that third parties with malicious intentions can exploit. As such, the organization should take a lot of care when carrying out system upgrades. If this is not possible, all system upgrades should be followed up with a security review in a bid to ensure that they do not create potential security breach points. If the above areas are addressed, the security, threat, and vulnerability situation of the iTrust database can be reviewed and fixed. Information management systems are very effective in the handling of stored data. It is important to note that such effectiveness can only be achieved if these systems are secure. Organizations should place emphasis on the security aspect of their information management processes. In fact, security should be a major consideration during the development of such programs. iTrust is one of the information management systems that organizations can use to enhance the security of their records. However, there are several security concerns that need to be promptly addressed for the system to prove as effective and as efficient as the developers would wan t it to be. The points highlighted in this case study should serve as a major asset in guiding developers and helping them to achieve this. References Raggad, B. (2010). Information security management. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor Francis. Tipton, H., Nozaki, M. (2008). Information security management handbook. Boca Raton, Fla.: Auerbach. This case study on A Case Study of the iTrust Security Issue was written and submitted by user Hazel Galloway to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Lyme Disease

Erythema migrans (EM) is a red, slowly expanding rash which is associated with the bite of ticks. European physicians observed EM in patients in the early 20th century and theorized that it was caused by a tick-borne bacterium. Later the in the 1970’s a physican observed a clusters of children with arthritis in and around Lyme, Conneticut. After further investigation it was discovered that the arthritis occurred after the presence of tick bites followed by EM rash lesions. It was not until 1984 when conclusive evidence showed that the bacterium spirochete Berrelia burgdorferi caused Lyme disease. In 2002 Lyme disease caused more than 23, 000 infections in the United States (1). Lyme disease is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium spirochete B. burgdorferi that transmitts the bacterium to humans through the bites of western black-legged deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis). This tick is much smaller than a dog or cattle tick and feed by inserting their mouths into the skin of a host and slowly take their blood (1). Early localized Lyme disease occurs 3-30 days after the tick bites. Symptoms include EM, mild muslce aches, fever, headache, and lymphadenopathy. Early disseminated disease occurs 1-4 months after the tick bite. Symptoms include cranial-nerve facial palsy, meningitis, radiculopathy, and heart block. In the late stage of the disease which begins 3-4 months after the tick bite. Symptoms include arthirits in large joints, severe headache, encephalitis and cognitive disorders. Early localized Lyme disease is treated with doxycycline or amoxicillin for 14-21 days. Early disseminated and late Lyme disease are treated for 14-28 days with eithe r oral or parental therapy (ceftriaxone) (2). In 2002 there were 23,763 cases of Lyme disease. These occurences are concentrated primarily to states in the nothestern, mid-Atlantic and upper northcentral regions of the United States. There are also several counties in n... Free Essays on Lyme Disease Free Essays on Lyme Disease Erythema migrans (EM) is a red, slowly expanding rash which is associated with the bite of ticks. European physicians observed EM in patients in the early 20th century and theorized that it was caused by a tick-borne bacterium. Later the in the 1970’s a physican observed a clusters of children with arthritis in and around Lyme, Conneticut. After further investigation it was discovered that the arthritis occurred after the presence of tick bites followed by EM rash lesions. It was not until 1984 when conclusive evidence showed that the bacterium spirochete Berrelia burgdorferi caused Lyme disease. In 2002 Lyme disease caused more than 23, 000 infections in the United States (1). Lyme disease is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium spirochete B. burgdorferi that transmitts the bacterium to humans through the bites of western black-legged deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis). This tick is much smaller than a dog or cattle tick and feed by inserting their mouths into the skin of a host and slowly take their blood (1). Early localized Lyme disease occurs 3-30 days after the tick bites. Symptoms include EM, mild muslce aches, fever, headache, and lymphadenopathy. Early disseminated disease occurs 1-4 months after the tick bite. Symptoms include cranial-nerve facial palsy, meningitis, radiculopathy, and heart block. In the late stage of the disease which begins 3-4 months after the tick bite. Symptoms include arthirits in large joints, severe headache, encephalitis and cognitive disorders. Early localized Lyme disease is treated with doxycycline or amoxicillin for 14-21 days. Early disseminated and late Lyme disease are treated for 14-28 days with eithe r oral or parental therapy (ceftriaxone) (2). In 2002 there were 23,763 cases of Lyme disease. These occurences are concentrated primarily to states in the nothestern, mid-Atlantic and upper northcentral regions of the United States. There are also several counties in n...

Apple Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Apple - Case Study Example The consumers of Apple all over the world are highly gadget friendly in nature and they loves to explore the latest innovative features, that are provided by Apple products, even if that means availing the product at a high price. Answer 2 In the first case the company is required to develop or enhance its communication strategy with the consumers. Strategies to develop marketing communication happen to alter from company to company depending on differences in marketing and budget objectives. Different tools related to enhanced marketing communications related to advertising, conducting public relations campaigning, marketing through internet medium and also in rendering sales promotions in the form of discounts and rebates as displayed under would contribute in attracting and sustaining the consumers (Belch and Belch, 2003, p.16). Figure 1 (Belch and Belch, 2003, p.16) The second theoretical model relates to the mode of enhancement of relationships with the consumer force. Building of effective relationship with the consumers through addressing queries both before and after sales and rendering proper services happens to enhance the psychological and emotional involvement of the consumer to the brand. This sense of gratitude to the favour obtained reciprocates the consumer’s intention to repurchase and thereby develops a long term relationship as reflected below (Palmatier, 2008, p.27). Figure 2 (Palmatier, 2008, p.27) Answer 3 Product: The product offering of the company comprises of a highly diversified product portfolio comprising of Apple Mac, IPod, I phones, I pads etc. Talking in these lines, it can be said that the company also offers an array of services that are complementing in nature to the products of the company [Apple, 2012, p.2]. Place: The products of the company are highly distributed in multiple markets around the world because of the global customer base of Apple. Promotion: Since, Apple is a widely popular brand in the market, it can be said that the products of the company is sold on the demand created by its brand value. The promotion efforts of the company mainly comprises of the factors of providing online promotions through the company’s website as well as YouTube awareness videos. The company also uses the traditional marketing channels to communicate the values and features of its products to consumers around the globe. Price: The products of Apple are high on quality and innovative features. As a matter of fact, it can be said that the company products are labeled at a premium price, in an effort to cover up the high costs of innovations that are necessary in technology products for the purpose of gaining competitive advantage. Answer 4 The 2001 period was considered critical enough for Apple Inc owing to the emergence of global recession. The sales of the company had drastically fallen from $8 billion a year earlier to only $5.7 billion. Moreover the company had also incurred a huge loss of $344 million with sales and gross margins collapsing drastically in many regions. The company was required to revamp its product architecture through the mode of extensive product development and expansion activities along its different portfolios to return to the growth stage of the product cycle. Secondly the company was also required to enhance its market penetration activities through the use of discounts and promotions to attract the consumers. Answer 5 The risk of new entrants: It is not easy for the new entrants to gain market share. The consumers in this industry like to stick with the existing brands even if the prices of the products are a touched

MARKETING YOURSELF AS A PROFESSIONAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

MARKETING YOURSELF AS A PROFESSIONAL - Essay Example As a student in Cal State Fullerton, I have the privilege to absorb as much knowledge as I possibly can, especially since this school is the most famed of all of the business majors in this district. Taking more business courses could greatly increase my chances when competing with other applicants for job opportunities. MKTG353 Marketing Info Technology will be my first choice to take as a marketing course. This course requires students to learn the information tools and the databases for decision making. Also, it helps students to gain the knowledge of profit analysis, sales forecasting, advertising media selection, and market segmentation. Moreover, students will improve their skills in using electronic spreadsheets, which will improve my electronic technique skills for preparing accounting statements. Specifically, I will gain I.T skills that will enable me to gather a wide range of information on all aspects of business. For accountancy and other jobs, the course will give me a deeper understanding of the processes and the relationships between buyers and sellers. KTG465 Â   Managing Services Marketing will be a particularly important course for a business major student, giving the opportunity to expand knowledge and practice, something many students may not have experienced. This course mainly concentrates on the skills of communication with customers. With approximately 76% of our labor force working in the service sector, the chances are, we will be there, too. As entry level, front line employees of an organization, we will mostly deal with the customers directly. Therefore, communication skills will benefit anyone just entering working society. Service industries may have legal and financial strictures. They are highly competitive. I hope to learn to recognize and deal with specific challenges, such as understanding schedules, budgets, quality control and competitive strategies, a good background for my future career. The course will

Water Treatment for Contaminated Water | Experiment

Water Treatment for Contaminated Water | Experiment Water Contamination Melissa Butler Abstract In the experiments that we have conducted, we used oil, vinegar, laundry soap, and soil to simulate polluted groundwater. Most of the contaminants are occurs naturally, aluminum, iron, and manganese. We then created a variety of filters to attempt to clean the ground water and make it drinkable. We also did experiments will prove that there is really no difference between the two. While doing my experiment we find out that bottle water and tap water have just about the same levels of contaminants as tap water. Introduction Some areas have water-containing contaminations from natural or non-natural sources. These impurities can cause health problems like rashes, diarrhea, and maybe even cancer. Contaminates can also damage equipment, plumbing, or make the water undrinkable, due to flavor, smell, appearance, or discoloration. Water that contain harmful contaminates need to be fixed immediately. â€Å"According to the EPA, exposure to lead in drinking water can result in delayed physical or neurologic development in infants and children, and can cause high blood pressure, kidney problems, and cancer in adults. Moreover, a growing body of evidence suggests adverse health effects result even at blood levels below the 10 ÃŽ ¼g/dL â€Å"level of concern† at which the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend intervention.† (Renner, 2009. A544). â€Å"Before beginning any treatment plan, have water tested by an independent laboratory to determine the specific impurities and leve l of contamination. This will help you select the most effective and economical treatment method†. (Ross, Parrott, Woods, 2009). The effects of exposure to some contaminants in our water supply are not known, but not all of them are health threats. The National Water Quality Inventory 1994 Report to Congress states â€Å"that 40% of flowing river and stream miles can be used for drinking water after conventional water treatment, and 37% of lake and reservoir acres meet the designated use criteria for drinking water† (EPA). The reason why we conducted this experiment is to test the filtration to remove oil, vinegar, and laundry detergent has on soil before it reaches groundwater. These substances go to our local water supply, and into our soil. While the things that we have tested are relatively are no very dangerous, but we have to think of the thing that can get through and cause harm. Materials and Methods Experiment 1: Effects of Groundwater Contamination In this experiment, we tested ground water for impurities. The materials that were used was eight 250mL beakers, three wooden stir sticks, 10mL of vegetable oil, 10mL of vinegar, 100mL graduated cylinder, 10mL of liquid laundry detergent, 100mL beaker, 240mL of soil, cheesecloth, funnel and water. With a marker, the eight 250mL beakers were labeled number one through eight. Putting five through eight to the side, fill with beakers one through four with 100mL of water using the 100mL graduated cylinder to help measure the water. In beaker number two 10mL of vegetable oil was put in and with a wooded stir stick was stirred thoroughly. In beaker number three 10mL of vinegar was added and with a wooded stir stick was stirred thoroughly. In beaker number four 10mL of liquid laundry detergent was added and with a wooden stir stick was stirred thoroughly. At this time, I wrote down my observations of beakers one through four in Table 1. I cut the cheesecloth into four pieces and folded them so that it was four layers thick. I placed one piece of cheesecloth into the funnel, measured 60mL of soil using the 100mL to help measure the soil, and poured that into the funnel. Taking beaker number one, I poured the contents into the funnel and let that filter into beaker number five. Using the same technique as above I repeated the same thing to beakers number two through four and poured them into beakers number six through eight. Once this was done I observed beakers five through eight and wrote down my observations into the Table. Experiment 2: Water Treatment We add 100 mL of soil to the 250 mL beaker, and fill to the 200 mL mark with water. Then we move the soil solution back and forth between the two 250 mL beakers a total of 15 times. We will use10 mL of the contaminated water into a clean 100 mL beaker, and compare it to the â€Å"treated† water at the end of the filtration process. We 10 grams of alum to the 250 mL beaker containing the â€Å"contaminated† water and slowly stir the mixture with a wooden stir stick for 1-2 minutes and let the solution sit for 15 minutes. Then rinse out the empty 250 mL beaker and place the funnel into the beaker. Use four layers of cheesecloth that can line the funnel. Put cheesecloth inside funnel. Pour 40 mL of sand into the cheesecloth-lined funnel, 20 mL activated charcoal, and 40 mL gravel. Use a 100 mL beaker to measure these amounts. To set the filter, slowly pour clean tap water through the filter until the funnel is full. Remove the clean water from the beaker and repeat four more times. Return the funnel to the top of the beaker and let sit for 5 minutes befor e emptying the beaker and continuing the experiment. Without mixing up the current sediment in the â€Å"contaminated† water jar, pour about 3/4 of the â€Å"contaminated† water into the funnel. Let it filter through the funnel into the beaker for 5 minutes. Note the smell of the filtered water, comparing it to the 10 mL sample taken from the mixture in Step 3. Remove the filter and add a few drops of bleach solution to the filtered water within the beaker. Stir the water and bleach combination slowly for about 1 minute. Experiment 3: Drinking Water Quality Label three 250 mL beakers Tap Water, and bottle water (Fiji and Dasani). Pour 100 mL of the each type of water into the corresponding beakers. Ammonia, Chloride, Four in one, Phosphate, and Iron Test Strip test Find the ammonia test strips. Begin by placing the test strip into the tap water sample and briskly moving the strip up and down in the water for 30 seconds, making sure that the pads on the test strip are always immersed. Remove the test strip from the water and shake off the extra water. Hold the test strip level, with the pad side up, for 30 seconds. 6. Read the results by turning the test strip so the pads are facing away from you. Compare the color of the small pad to the color chart at the end of the lab. Record your results in the table Repeat the procedure for both bottled water. Results Experiment 1: Effects of Groundwater Contamination Table 1: Water Observations (Smell, Color, Etc.) Beaker | Observations | Beaker 1: Water is clear, no smell Beaker 2: No smell, color is almost clear. Water did not mix well, created small bubbles. Oil separated from the water. Beaker 3: No color and water is clear. It also has a smell of vinegar. Beaker 4: Has a smell of perfume and the water turned green. Beaker 5: Water turned brown in color some soil residue at the bottom. Has a smell of wet dirt. Beaker 6: The water change to a light brown color. The soil has filtered out some of the oil, because some of the oil was left behind. Some residue of soil was at the bottom. Smells like wet dirt. Beaker 7: Water still smell like vinegar and smell like dirt, brown in color and residue of soil is at the bottom. Beaker 8: Water has a perfume smell, the water is brown and light green mixed. Made light suds and bubbles, with the residue of dirt at the bottom. Discussion Why do we buy bottle water when tap water is the same thing? People buy more bottler water now than ever before. Do we really think that it is safer to drink? The answer is no. Doing this experiment has proven that there is really not much of a difference between the two. While doing my experiment if find out that bottle water and tap water have just about the same levels of iron, ammonia, chloride, phosphate, and etc. I found that everyday chemicals that we use can contaminant our water supply and could have potential to be harmful if the water is not treated for human consumption. According to the results, only beaker with the vinegar came out to where you will be able to potential drink the water. Conclusions What I found to be the most interesting thing in this experiment is that vinegar helped purify the water so that it could be drinkable. All the contaminants that were used were found to make the filtered water dirty and did not help in purifying the water. I concluded that we need to find a way to get the contaminants out of the water , even bottle water so that our children do not have to deal with the health problems that could be associated with drinking contaminated water. References: Basic Information about E. coli O157:H7 in Drinking Water. (n.d.). Retrieved May 8, 2015, from http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/basicinformation/ecoli.cfm Renner, R. (2009). Out of Plumb, Environmental Health Perspectives. 117(12), A542-A547. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2799485/ Ross, B., Parrott, K., Woods, J. (2009, May 1) Household Water Quality: Water Quality Problems Causes and Treatments. Retrieved May 7, 2015. http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/356/356-482/356-482.html Skip Menu. (n.d.). Retrieved May 9, 2015, from http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/356/356-482/356-482.html Water contamination. (n.d.). Retrieved May 8, 2015, from http://extoxnet.orst.edu/faqs/safedrink/watercon.htm

Psychodynamic Theories

ANTHONY BILLSON 5. 2 PAGE 2 Psychodynamic Theory As a group over the last few weeks we have been dicussing has a group the 3 main theories of counselling and after careful deliberation ive chosen to do my presentation on the psychodynamic theory. Psychodynamics is the theory and systematic study of the psychological forces that underlie human behaviour. It is especially interested in the dynamic relations between conscious and unconscious motivation . Psychodynamic therapies depend upon a theory of inner conflict, wherein repressed behaviours and emotions surface into the patient’s consciousness; generally, one conflict is subconscious .Psychodynamics was initially developed by Sigmund Freud ,Carl Jung and Alfred Adler. By the mid 1940s and into the 1950s, the general application of the â€Å"psychodynamic theory† had been well established. When talking about Psychodynamic theory the first name that pops into most peoples heads is Sigmund Freud. Sigmund Freud was Born i n Austria on May 6, 1856, Sigmund Freud theorized and practiced neuropsychology, studying first hysteria and then sexuality. A highly controversial intellectual figure of the 20th century, he studied dreams, defined what he called the Oedipus complex and laid out three stages of infantile sexual development .He remains one of the most influential figures in today's world. His name alone symbolizes the importance of his theories, and the name that comes to most people's heads when saying the word psychology is Sigmund Freud. Freud was a psychodynamic psychologist and that came from Freud's view on the mind is in the shape of an iceberg. He believes that mankind's mind works in the unconscious. Every choice that mankind makes he is aware of, but maybe the consequences of our action might be unknown.The Structure of Personality which is another interesting part of Freud's theory basically states that we have an ID, a Superego and an Ego. The ID is a biological reservoir of urges and im pulses that need to be gratified. He says the ID does not have a conscious , it acts on instinct and it seeks out gratification and pleasure. It is the pleasure principle. The Superego is the Morality Principle, and the Superego knows the difference between right and wrong. The Superego is a bunch of learned internalized morals and values of society. This is asically the thing that keeps the ID in check. Freud said that Superego is our conscious, and that the Superego is the most powerful tool (guilt and pride). Last but not least is the Ego, which is the reality principle. The Ego finds socially acceptable ways to satisfy the ID. It finds the balance between the ID and reality. The functions of the Ego is to find a compromise between the ID and the Superego. The Ego must also learn to deal with anxiety, and it also helps to boost the self-esteem. Without the Ego there would be no mental health.After researching Freud's theory of the Structure of Personality I feel we have different parts of our behavior that we can control and that we are conscious about and there are other behaviors that come directly from our unconscious . Our ego lies to us, denies, falsifies, and distorts reality which in turn causes us to create what Freud likes to call the seven defense mechanisms. The first of the seven defense mechanisms is Repression. Repression pushes the problem to the subconscious. It is the exclusion of impulses and thoughts from the conscious mind.Next comes Denial, and denial is the cutting of the conscious mind from external threats. ANTHONY BILLSON 5. 2 PAGE 3 An example of this would be when you are walking in the mall with your girlfriend and a beautiful woman walks by and you look but when your girlfriend asks you say, â€Å"I wasn't looking at her. † Next there is a defense mechanism called Sublimation which is the changing of bad behavior and impulses into socially acceptable behavior and impulses. One example of this could be playing football for a scholarship in order to go to college.Another defense mechanism is Reaction Formation which is a development of behavior opposite of that which brings you anxiety . The next mechanism is called Projection whichis when the unconscious attribution of your thoughts and feelings is brought onto others. Finding flaws in others is a good example of Projection. Displacement is the next defense mechanism, and this is when an urge is placed onto another object. Taking out anger onto others when you really should be mad at yourself. Last but not least is the defense mechanism of Rationalization which is giving a good reason in place of the true reason.Another well known psychologist which is actually a student of Freuds' is Carl Jung who is also a psychodynamic psychologist, Carl Jung was born July 26, 1875 in Kesswil, Switzerland and he went a little deeper than Freud did in his theories and he challenges some of his ideas. One is that Jung's iceberg is right side up and at the top of the iceberg is the ego, and the level underneath that is the personal unconscious, and the final level of the iceberg is finally the collective unconscious which is almost the exact opposites of Freud's.What I mean by deeper is that he feels that man is not just sexual but spiritual as well. He says that the major difference in man is based on the Libido which is your sex drive. As you can see Jung has a much broader level of human interest. Jung theories are strongly based on Darwin's theory of Evolution. Jung thinks we evolved behaviorally which has allowed us to prosper and move forward in order to keep up with society. The next part of Carl Jung's theory is the Archetypal Complex, which are common ways of dealing with the world.In other words it's a genetically transmitted response strategy. It ensures survival. There are two examples of Archetypal Complexes and they are the enemy archetype and the social archetype. . There are examples in everyday life when a person does not know what something is they immediately show some sort of aggression or frustration which proves they are afraid of what is different or what they do not really know or understand. The social archetype basically means strength in numbers. Also the social archetype is what we look to for support and look to interact and socialize with.The response strategy is to develop a need to conform. With the whole idea of Archetypal Complexes different people use different ways to deal with the world's problems, and enemy archetype could not be more precise about mankind being threatened by something that is different. The next part of Jung's theory is the idea of Individuation which is the integration of our conscious perceptions of the outside world with our unconscious archetypal experiences. Polarities, which are opposite extremes, which ties in the Principle of entropy which, is a state of disorder and a randomness of energy.The last thing Jung states in his theory is the idea of wholeness whic h is having both polarities of our life met. Carl Jung's theory challenges much of Freud's, but in some ways is similar. Jung gets more into man being more spiritual than sexual which is almost the opposite of Freud. The next psychologist that I will mention will be a social psychodynamic psychologist by the name of Alfred Adler. Adler was born on February 7, 1870 and Adler’s theory states that all of us are born with a sense of inferiority as evidenced by how weak and helpless a newborn is.ANTHONY BILLSON 5. 2 PAGE 4 By this, Adler was able to explain that this inferiority is a crucial part of our personality, in the sense that it is the driving force that pushes us to strive in order to become superior. In addition to the Inferiority Theory of Personality, Adler also considers birth order as a major factor in the development of our personality. He believed that first born children may feel inferior and may even develop inferiority complex once their younger sibling arrives. The middle born children, on the other hand, are not as pampered as their older or younger sibling, but they have a sense of superiority to dethrone their older sibling in a healthy competition. Thus they have the greatest potential to be successful in life. The youngest children may feel like they have the least power to influence other members of the family. Because they are often the most pampered, they may develop personality problems of inferiority just like the first born. He was much less of a pessimist than Freud was; Almost a complete opposite from Freud.Adler believed that society impedes humans. His view of the mind is much like Carl Jung's, but instead of having the ego at the top he has the conscious at the top with the unconscious on the bottom. He felt that social interests drive motivation, which is an innate drive to be social and to belong. He also stated in his theory that mankind is dependent on others and their reactions and their acceptance which in turn leaves mankind very vulnerable. The main idea of this theory is that he feels that mankind is more social than biological.A great example ofthis would definitely be that in today's schools there are cliques and clans of different people that feel that they are cooler or better and than the people who are not as popular do whatever they can to fit in with a certain group. Teenagers nowadays are probably the best example there is of Adler's theory of social interest. Another part of Adler's theory that he brings up is the idea of the creative self which he says drives us toward human nature. There are two parts to this theory and they are the superiority complex and the inferiority complex.First of all the superiority complex states mankind tries to better itself in order to overcome our weaknesses. The second part of this theory is the inferiority complex which is when society measures us up to their standards. This is when we begin to avoid our weaknesses instead of trying to overcome the m. The next theorist is Erich Fromm who was born in Frankfurt on March 23, 1900 and he was a liberal social psychodynamic psychologist who was also a student of Freuds. He believes that man is innately good and society is the thing that corrupts him.He also feels that the conscious mind dominates over the unconscious. Fromm says man is a social creature and he believes that mankind has social needs. He says life is a struggle and society makes our lives difficult. Fromm feels that the four needs of mans' social life are relatedness, frame of reference , identity, and transcendence. Relatedness is a basic need and it states that man needs to feel connected to humanity whether it be friends, family, or activities. It also states that man has to beinteracted with other in order to belong.The problems start when a person feels that they are not a part of something. Relatedness is probably the most powerful need. Frame of Reference are common ideas and beliefs of looking at the world. Th is is when we seek out a belief system or a value system. We receive our frame of reference from where we find our relatedness. Without frame of reference there is no meaning to life. Identity is the next out of the four needs of mans social life which is when you know who you are and what you stand for.With identity you have to establish your own uniqueness or identity. Recognizing differences in others help you to find your own identity. ANTHONY BILLSON 5. 2 PAGE 5 Next comes transcendence which is rarely achieved and this means to rise above societies conformities in order to be an individual. With transcendence there is a risk of losing your relatedness, and for this not to happen relatedness must allow you rise above society. A conflict of freedom and loneliness means that the more that we become transcendent the more we lose the relatedness.My last theorist to talk about is Erik Erikson, he was born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1902 . Erikson impacted psychological theories by exp anding upon Freud’s original five stages of development. He believed that each person progressed through eight, and ultimately nine (added by his widow), stages of development throughout their lives. Erikson’s theories were founded on the premise that environment played a major role in self-awareness, adjustment, human development, and identity . His belief in the Life Cycle later won him a Pulitzer Prize and a National Book Award.He was selected for the Jefferson Lecture and recognized for his achievement in the area of humanities. Erikson was best known for his impact on psychology through his theory on social development and his lengthy teaching career at prestigious institutions. Now after all my researching which has took me quite a while to get through cause there are so many sources to choose from ive realised that has psychodynamic theories have developed over the years our understanding of the human psyche has evolved and so as the effectiveness of the methods used by counsellors today.There is a negative side to this theory though cause some critics argue that psychodynamic theories are not falsifiable and therefore unscientific. In response to this criticism, proponents of psychodynamic theories point out that evidence does support some psychodynamic concepts. For example, research shows that there are unconscious mental processes, that people have mental representations of other people, and that people use unconscious defense mechanisms to protect themselves from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety.Other critics argue that psychodynamic theories are made by generalizing from a small number of patients to the whole human population. Relying only on case studies can lead to faulty conclusions. Still others argue that most psychodynamic theories are not based on studies that follow people from childhood to adulthood. Instead, psychodynamic theorists listen to descriptions of an adult patient’s past and draw conclusions about the r elevance of childhood experiences however memories are not always reliable.

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass

Advanced Academic Writing The wide attention of critics to Hemingway â€Å"Indian Camp† can be attributed in compare two secondary sources: â€Å"Hemingway Primitivism and Indian Camp† by Jeffrey Meyers, and â€Å"Dangerous Families and Intimate Harm in Hemingway Indian Camp† by Lisa Tyler. Both Meyers and Tyler explore the theme of masculinity and Hemingway biography. The story introduces the theme of masculinity in the context of giving birth in anIndian camp. Although childbirth typically concern women, Hemingway turns it into a male-dominated situation and shifts the focus to DRP. Adams, who performs a Cesarean operation, and to the husband's suicide. Both Tyler and Meyers examine this masculine focus of a typically female endeavor-?childbirth. Tyler refers to DRP. Adams role as the person who passes on values and shape perceptions of masculinity and especially how to respond to a women suffering to his son- Nick.Meyers, on the other hand, refers to the India n husband who feels responsible for the male sexual behavior during the birthing that contaminates his wife and â€Å"cannot bear this defilement of his wife's purity â€Å", therefore follows his primitive values and customs and â€Å"punishes himself for the violation of taboo†. Both secondary sources cite Hemingway biography. Tyler uses Hemingway biography in order to demonstrate how Hemingway own relationship with his father extends to the interactions between Nick Adams and his father. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass